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CVE-2025-1686 – Apache Pebble Templates File Inclusion Vulnerability

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-1686 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution
of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may
impact the vulnerability’s severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received
    by [email protected]

    Feb. 27, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description All versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ.

    Workaround

    This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates:

    java
    new PebbleEngine.Builder()
    .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder()
    .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of(“include”))
    .build())
    .build();
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-73
    Added Reference https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/680
    Added Reference https://github.com/PebbleTemplates/pebble/issues/688
    Added Reference https://pebbletemplates.io/wiki/tag/include
    Added Reference https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-IOPEBBLETEMPLATES-8745594
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